Soybean cultivar 93800394612

ABSTRACT

A novel soybean cultivar, designated 93800394612, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 93800394612, to the plants of soybean 93800394612 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing the cultivar 93800394612 with itself or another soybean variety. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds and plants produced by crossing the cultivar 93800394612 with another soybean cultivar.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a new and distinctive soybean cultivar,designated 93800394612. There are numerous steps in the development ofany novel, desirable plant germplasm. Plant breeding begins with theanalysis and definition of problems and weaknesses of the currentgermplasm, the establishment of program goals, and the definition ofspecific breeding objectives. The next step is selection of germplasmthat possess the traits to meet the program goals. The goal is tocombine in a single variety an improved combination of desirable traitsfrom the parental germplasm. These important traits may include higherseed yield, resistance to diseases and insects, better stems and roots,tolerance to drought and heat, and better agronomic quality.

Choice of breeding or selection methods depends on the mode of plantreproduction, the heritability of the trait(s) being improved, and thetype of cultivar used commercially (e.g., F₁ hybrid cultivar, purelinecultivar, etc.). For highly heritable traits, a choice of superiorindividual plants evaluated at a single location will be effective,whereas for traits with low heritability, selection should be based onmean values obtained from replicated evaluations of families of relatedplants. Popular selection methods commonly include pedigree selection,modified pedigree selection, mass selection, and recurrent selection.

The complexity of inheritance influences choice of the breeding method.Backcross breeding is used to transfer one or a few favorable genes fora highly heritable trait into a desirable cultivar. This approach hasbeen used extensively for breeding disease-resistant cultivars. Variousrecurrent selection techniques are used to improve quantitativelyinherited traits controlled by numerous genes. The use of recurrentselection in self-pollinating crops depends on the ease of pollination,the frequency of successful hybrids from each pollination, and thenumber of hybrid offspring from each successful cross.

Each breeding program should include a periodic, objective evaluation ofthe efficiency of the breeding procedure. Evaluation criteria varydepending on the goal and objectives, but should include gain fromselection per year based on comparisons to an appropriate standard,overall value of the advanced breeding lines, and number of successfulcultivars produced per unit of input (e.g., per year, per dollarexpended, etc.).

Promising advanced breeding lines are thoroughly tested and compared toappropriate standards in environments representative of the commercialtarget area(s) for three or more years. The best lines are candidatesfor new commercial cultivars; those still deficient in a few traits maybe used as parents to produce new populations for further selection.

These processes, which lead to the final step of marketing anddistribution, usually take from eight to 12 years from the time thefirst cross is made. Therefore, development of new cultivars is atime-consuming process that requires precise forward planning, efficientuse of resources, and a minimum of changes in direction.

A most difficult task is the identification of individuals that aregenetically superior, because for most traits the true genotypic valueis masked by other confounding plant traits or environmental factors.One method of identifying a superior plant is to observe its performancerelative to other experimental plants and to a widely grown standardcultivar. If a single observation is inconclusive, replicatedobservations provide a better estimate of its genetic worth.

The goal of plant breeding is to develop new, unique and superiorsoybean cultivars and hybrids. The breeder initially selects and crossestwo or more parental lines, followed by repeated selfing and selection,producing many new genetic combinations. The breeder can theoreticallygenerate billions of different genetic combinations via crossing,selfing and mutations. The breeder has no direct control at the cellularlevel. Therefore, two breeders will never develop the same line, or evenvery similar lines, having the same soybean traits.

Each year, the plant breeder selects the germplasm to advance to thenext generation. This germplasm is grown under unique and differentgeographical, climatic and soil conditions, and further selections arethen made, during and at the end of the growing season. The cultivarswhich are developed are unpredictable. This unpredictability is becausethe breeder's selection occurs in unique environments, with no controlat the DNA level (using conventional breeding procedures), and withmillions of different possible genetic combinations being generated. Abreeder of ordinary skill in the art cannot predict the final resultinglines he develops, except possibly in a very gross and general fashion.The same breeder cannot produce the same cultivar twice by using theexact same original parents and the same selection techniques. Thisunpredictability results in the expenditure of large amounts of researchmonies to develop superior new soybean cultivars.

The development of new soybean cultivars requires the development andselection of soybean varieties, the crossing of these varieties andselection of superior hybrid crosses. The hybrid seed is produced bymanual crosses between selected male-fertile parents or by using malesterility systems. These hybrids are selected for certain single genetraits such as pod color, flower color, pubescence color or herbicideresistance which indicate that the seed is truly a hybrid. Additionaldata on parental lines, as well as the phenotype of the hybrid,influence the breeder's decision whether to continue with the specifichybrid cross.

Pedigree breeding and recurrent selection breeding methods are used todevelop cultivars from breeding populations. Breeding programs combinedesirable traits from two or more cultivars or various broad-basedsources into breeding pools from which cultivars are developed byselfing and selection of desired phenotypes. The new cultivars areevaluated to determine which have commercial potential.

Pedigree breeding is used commonly for the improvement ofself-pollinating crops. Two parents which possess favorable,complementary traits are crossed to produce an F₁. An F₂ population isproduced by selfing one or several F₁ 's. Selection of the bestindividuals may begin in the F₂ population; then, beginning in the F₃,the best individuals in the best families are selected. Replicatedtesting of families can begin in the F₄ generation to improve theeffectiveness of selection for traits with low heritability. At anadvanced stage of inbreeding (i.e., F₆ and F₇), the best lines ormixtures of phenotypically similar lines are tested for potentialrelease as new cultivars.

Mass and recurrent selections can be used to improve populations ofeither self- or cross-pollinating crops. A genetically variablepopulation of heterozygous individuals is either identified or createdby intercrossing several different parents. The best plants are selectedbased on individual superiority, outstanding progeny, or excellentcombining ability. The selected plants are intercrossed to produce a newpopulation in which further cycles of selection are continued.

Backcross breeding has been used to transfer genes for a simplyinherited, highly heritable trait into a desirable homozygous cultivaror inbred line which is the recurrent parent. The source of the trait tobe transferred is called the donor parent. The resulting plant isexpected to have the attributes of the recurrent parent (e.g., cultivar)and the desirable trait transferred from the donor parent. After theinitial cross, individuals possessing the phenotype of the donor parentare selected and repeatedly crossed (backcrossed) to the recurrentparent. The resulting plant is expected to have the attributes of therecurrent parent (e.g., cultivar) and the desirable trait transferredfrom the donor parent.

The single-seed descent procedure in the strict sense refers to plantinga segregating population, harvesting a sample of one seed per plant, andusing the one-seed sample to plant the next generation. When thepopulation has been advanced from the F₂ to the desired level ofinbreeding, the plants from which lines are derived will each trace todifferent F₂ individuals. The number of plants in a population declineseach generation due to failure of some seeds to germinate or some plantsto produce at least one seed. As a result, not all of the F₂ plantsoriginally sampled in the population will be represented by a progenywhen generation advance is completed.

In a multiple-seed procedure, soybean breeders commonly harvest one ormore pods from each plant in a population and thresh them together toform a bulk. Part of the bulk is used to plant the next generation andpart is put in reserve. The procedure has been referred to as modifiedsingle-seed descent or the pod-bulk technique.

The multiple-seed procedure has been used to save labor at harvest. Itis considerably faster to thresh pods with a machine than to remove oneseed from each by hand for the single-seed procedure. The multiple-seedprocedure also makes it possible to plant the same number of seeds of apopulation each generation of inbreeding. Enough seeds are harvested tomake up for those plants that did not germinate or produce seed.

Descriptions of other breeding methods that are commonly used fordifferent traits and crops can be found in one of several referencebooks (e.g., Allard, 1960; Simmonds, 1979; Sneep et al., 1979; Fehr,1987).

Proper testing should detect any major faults and establish the level ofsuperiority or improvement over current cultivars. In addition toshowing superior performance, there must be a demand for a new cultivarthat is compatible with industry standards or which creates a newmarket. The introduction of a new cultivar will incur additional coststo the seed producer, the grower, processor and consumer; for specialadvertising and marketing, altered seed and commercial productionpractices, and new product utilization. The testing preceding release ofa new cultivar should take into consideration research and developmentcosts as well as technical superiority of the final cultivar. Forseed-propagated cultivars, it must be feasible to produce seed easilyand economically.

Soybean, Glycine max (L), is an important and valuable field crop. Thus,a continuing goal of plant breeders is to develop stable, high yieldingsoybean cultivars that are agronomically sound. The reasons for thisgoal are obviously to maximize the amount of grain produced on the landused and to supply food for both animals and humans. To accomplish thisgoal, the soybean breeder must select and develop soybean plants thathave the traits that result in superior cultivars.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean cultivar,designated 93800394612. This invention thus relates to the seeds ofsoybean cultivar 93800394612, to the plants of soybean 93800394612 andto methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing thesoybean 93800394612 with itself or another soybean line.

Thus, any such methods using the soybean variety 93800394612 are part ofthis invention: selfing, backcrosses, hybrid production, crosses topopulations, and the like. All plants produced using soybean variety93800394612 as a parent are within the scope of this invention.Advantageously, the soybean variety could be used in crosses with other,different, soybean plants to produce first generation (F₁) soybeanhybrid seeds and plants with superior characteristics.

In another aspect, the present invention provides for single geneconverted plants of 93800394612. The single transferred gene maypreferably be a dominant or recessive allele. Preferably, the singletransferred gene will confer such traits as herbicide resistance, insectresistance, resistance for bacterial, fungal, or viral disease, malefertility, male sterility, enhanced nutritional quality, and industrialusage. The single gene may be a naturally occurring soybean gene or atransgene introduced through genetic engineering techniques.

In another aspect, the present invention provides regenerable cells foruse in tissue culture of soybean plant 93800394612. The tissue culturewill preferably be capable of regenerating plants having thephysiological and morphological characteristics of the foregoing soybeanplant, and of regenerating plants having substantially the same genotypeas the foregoing soybean plant. Preferably, the regenerable cells insuch tissue cultures will be embryos, protoplasts, meristematic cells,callus, pollen, leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, flowers, seeds, podsor stems. Still further, the present invention provides soybean plantsregenerated from the tissue cultures of the invention.

DEFINITIONS

In the description and tables which follow, a number of terms are used.In order to provide a clear and consistent understanding of thespecification and claims, including the scope to be given such terms,the following definitions are provided:

Maturity Date. Plants are considered mature when 95% of the pods havereached their mature color. The number of days are either calculatedfrom September 1 or from the planting date.

Seed Yield (Bushels/Acre). The yield in bushels/acre is the actual yieldof the grain at harvest.

Lodging Resistance. Lodging is rated on a scale of 1 to 5. A score of 1indicates erect plants. A score of 2.5 indicates plants are leaning at a45° angle in relation to the ground and a score of 5 indicates plantsare laying on the ground.

Phytophthora Tolerance. Tolerance to Phytophthora root rot is rated on ascale of 1 to 5, with a score of 1 being the best or highest toleranceranging down to a score of 5 which indicates the plants have notolerance to Phytophthora.

Emergence. This score indicates the ability of the seed to emerge whenplanted 3" deep in sand and with a controlled temperature of 25° C. Thenumber of plants that emerge each day are counted. Based on this data,each genotype is given a 1 to 5 score based on its rate of emergence andpercent of emergence. A score of 1 indicates an excellent rate andpercent of emergence, an intermediate score of 2.5 indicates averageratings and a 5 score indicates a very poor rate and percent ofemergence.

Iron-Deficiency Chlorosis. Plants are scored 1 to 5 based on visualobservations. A score of 1 means no stunting of the plants or yellowingof the leaves and a score of 5 indicates the plants are dead or dyingcaused by iron-deficiency chlorosis, a score of 2.5 means plants haveintermediate health with some leaf yellowing.

Brown Stem Rot. This is a visual disease score from 1 to 5 comparing allgenotypes in a given test. The score is based on leaf symptoms ofyellowing and necrosis caused by brown stem rot. A score of 1 indicatesno symptoms. Visual scores range to a score of 5 which indicates severesymptoms of leaf yellowing and necrosis.

Shattering. The amount of pod dehiscence prior to harvest. Poddehiscence involves seeds falling from the pods to the soil. This is avisual score from 1 to 5 comparing all genotypes within a given test. Ascore of 1 means pods have not opened and no seeds have fallen out. Ascore of 2.5 indicates approximately 50% of the pods have opened, withseeds falling to the ground and a score of 5 indicates 100% of the podsare opened.

Plant Height. Plant height is taken from the top of soil to top node ofthe plant and is measured in inches.

Seed Protein Peroxidase Activity. Seed protein peroxidase activity isdefined as a chemical taxonomic technique to separate cultivars based onthe presence or absence of the peroxidase enzyme in the seed coat. Thereare two types of soybean cultivars, those having high peroxidaseactivity (dark red color) and those having low peroxidase activity (nocolor).

Allele. Allele is any of one or more alternative forms of a gene, all ofwhich alleles relate to one trait or characteristic. In a diploid cellor organism, the two alleles of a given gene occupy corresponding locion a pair of homologous chromosomes.

Backcrossing. Backcrossing is a process in which a breeder repeatedlycrosses hybrid progeny back to one of the parents, for example, a firstgeneration hybrid F₁ with one of the parental genotypes of the F₁hybrid.

Essentially all the physiological and morphological characteristics. Aplant having essentially all the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics means a plant having the physiological and morphologicalcharacteristics, except for the characteristics derived from theconverted gene.

Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL). Quantitative trait loci (QTL) refer togenetic loci that control to some degree numerically representabletraits that are usually continuously distributed.

Regeneration. Regeneration refers to the development of a plant fromtissue culture.

Single Gene Converted (Conversion). Single gene converted (conversion)plant refers to plants which are developed by a plant breeding techniquecalled backcrossing wherein essentially all of the desired morphologicaland physiological characteristics of a variety are recovered in additionto the single gene transferred into the variety via the backcrossingtechnique or via genetic engineering.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Soybean cultivar 93800394612 has superior characteristics and wasdeveloped from the cross A4341(2)*(A4715(4)×40-3-2). F₁ and F₂ plantswere advanced by a modified pedigree selection. F₃ derived F₄ lines wereselected in 1994. In 1995 F₃ derived F₅ plants were entered in a yieldtest at 3 locations where it placed third of 50 entries. In 1996 F₃derived F₆ plants were entered in a yield test at 11 locations where itplaced third of 48 entries. 93800394612 is a mid-maturity group IVvariety with very high yield potential and resistance to Roundup™herbicides conferring tolerance to glyphosate herbicides. 93800394612has superior yields compared to lines of similar maturity and hasexcellent agronomic characteristics. This variety is resistant to Race 3of soybean cyst nematode. 93800394612 is well adapted to themid-maturity Group IV growing areas of the corn belt, including:Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Tennessee and Arkansas.

Some of the criteria used to select in various generations include: seedyield, lodging resistance, emergence, disease tolerance, maturity, lateseason plant intactness, plant height and shattering resistance.

The cultivar has shown uniformity and stability, as described in thefollowing variety description information. It has been self-pollinated asufficient number of generations with careful attention to uniformity ofplant type. The line has been increased with continued observation foruniformity.

Soybean cultivar 93800394612 has the following morphologic and othercharacteristics (based primarily on data collected at Galena, Md.).

VARIETY DESCRIPTION INFORMATION

1. Seed Shape: Spherical Flattened (L/W ratio>1.2; L/T ratio=<1.2)

2. Hilum Color: (Mature Seed)--Black

3. Pod Wall Color: Tan

4. Flower Color: White

5. Leaflet Shape: Ovate

6. Plant Pubescence Color: Tawny

7. Plant Habit: Indeterminate

8. Maturity Group: IV

9. Disease Resistance:

Soybean Cyst Nematode: Race 3 Resistant

10. Physiological Responses:

Roundup Ready™ Herbicide: Resistant

11. Plant Lodging Score: 1.7

This invention is also directed to methods for producing a soybean plantby crossing a first parent soybean plant with a second parent soybeanplant, wherein the first or second soybean plant is the soybean plantfrom the line 93800394612. Further, both first and second parent soybeanplants may be from the cultivar 93800394612. Therefore, any methodsusing the cultivar 93800394612 are part of this invention: selfing,backcrosses, hybrid breeding, and crosses to populations. Any plantsproduced using cultivar 93800394612 as a parent are within the scope ofthis invention.

As used herein, the term "plant" includes plant cells, plantprotoplasts, plant cells of tissue culture from which soybean plants canbe regenerated, plant calli, plant clumps, and plant cells that areintact in plants or parts of plants, such as pollen, flowers, embryos,ovules, seeds, pods, leaves, stems, roots, anthers and the like. Thus,another aspect of this invention is to provide for cells which upongrowth and differentiation produce a cultivar having essentially all ofthe physiological and morphological characteristics of 93800394612.

Culture for expressing desired structural genes and cultured cells areknown in the art. Also as known in the art, soybeans are transformableand regenerable such that whole plants containing and expressing desiredgenes under regulatory control may be obtained. General descriptions ofplant expression vectors and reporter genes and transformation protocolscan be found in Gruber, et al., "Vectors for Plant Transformation, inMethods in Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology" in Glich, et al.,(Eds. pp. 89-119, CRC Press, 1993). Moreover GUS expression vectors andGUS gene cassettes are available from Clone Tech Laboratories, Inc.,Palo Alto, Calif. while luciferase expression vectors and luciferasegene cassettes are available from Pro Mega Corp. (Madison, Wis.).General methods of culturing plant tissues are provided for example byMaki, et al., "Procedures for Introducing Foreign DNA into Plants" inMethods in Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Glich, et al., (Eds.pp. 67-88 CRC Press, 1993); and by Phillips, et al., "Cell-TissueCulture and In-Vitro Manipulation" in Corn & Corn Improvement, 3rdEdition; Sprague, et al., (Eds. pp. 345-387) American Society ofAgronomy Inc., 1988. Methods of introducing expression vectors intoplant tissue include the direct infection or co-cultivation of plantcells with Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Horsch et al., Science, 227:1229(1985). Descriptions of Agrobacterium vectors systems and methods forAgrobacterium-mediated gene transfer provided by Gruber, et al., supra.

Useful methods include but are not limited to expression vectorsintroduced into plant tissues using a direct gene transfer method suchas microprojectile-mediated delivery, DNA injection, electroporation andthe like. More preferably expression vectors are introduced into planttissues using the microprojectile media delivery with the biolisticdevice Agrobacterium-medicated transformation. Transformant plantsobtained with the protoplasm of the invention are intended to be withinthe scope of this invention.

The present invention contemplates a soybean plant regenerated from atissue culture of a variety (e.g., 93800394612) or hybrid plant of thepresent invention. As is well known in the art, tissue culture ofsoybean can be used for the in vitro regeneration of a soybean plant.Tissue culture of various tissues of soybeans and regeneration of plantstherefrom is well known and widely published. For example, reference maybe had to Komatsuda, T., et al., "Genotype X Sucrose Interactions forSomatic Embryogenesis in Soybean," Crop Sci. 31:333-337 (1991);Stephens, P. A., et al., "Agronomic Evaluation of Tissue-Culture-DerivedSoybean Plants," Theor. Appl. Genet. (1991) 82:633-635; Komatsuda, T.,et al., "Maturation and Germination of Somatic Embryos as Affected bySucrose and Plant Growth Regulators in Soybeans Glycine gracilis Skvortzand Glycine max (L.) Merr.," Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture,28:103-113 (1992); Dhir, S., et al., "Regeneration of Fertile Plantsfrom Protoplasts of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.): GenotypicDifferences in Culture Response, "Plant Cell Reports (1992) 11:285-289;Pandey, P. et al., "Plant Regeneration from Leaf and Hypocotyl Explantsof Glycine wightii (W. And A.) VERDC. var longicauda," Japan J. Breed.42:1-5 (1992); and Shetty, K., et al., "Stimulation of In Vitro ShootOrganogenesis in Glycine max (Merrill.) by Allantoin and Amides," PlantScience (1992) 81:245-251; as well as U.S. Pat. No. 5,024,944, issuedJun. 18, 1991 to Collins, et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 5,008,200, issuedApr. 16, 1991 to Rauch, et al., the disclosures of which are herebyincorporated herein in their entirety by reference. Thus, another aspectof this invention is to provide cells which upon growth anddifferentiation produce soybean plants having the physiological andmorphological characteristics of variety 93800394612.

The cultivar 93800394612 is similar to A4715. While similar to A4715,there are numerous differences including: 93800394612 has a resistanceto the Roundup Ready herbicides and A4715 does not contain this gene.

TABLES

In Table 1, 2 and 3 that follow, the traits and characteristics ofsoybean cultivar 93800394612 are compared to several competing varietiesof commercial soybeans of similar maturity. In the tables, column 1shows the yield in bushels/acre for the instant invention and theCompetitor Variety. Column 2 indicates the days to maturity afterSeptember 1 for the instant invention and the Competitor Variety. Column3 shows the plant height in inches for the instant invention and theCompetitor Variety. Column 4 indicates the plant lodging for the instantinvention and the Competitor Variety. Column 5 shows the generalappearance rating scores for the instant invention and the CompetitorVariety. Lodging and General Appearance Rating scores are rated 1=Bestand 5=Worst.

                  TABLE 1                                                         ______________________________________                                        1995 AGRONOMIC DATA                                                                        BU/A    MAT     HGT   LDG   GR                                   ______________________________________                                        Overall Mean 50.20   45.90   35.60 2.40  2.70                                   Number of Locations 3 1 2 1 2                                                 93800394612 57.90 46.00 36.00 2.50 2.50                                       Asgrow A4341 50.70 43.00 33.50 2.50 2.50                                      Asgrow A4715 49.60 49.00 37.50 2.50 3.00                                      Asgrow A4922 48.90 49.00 34.50 3.50 3.00                                    ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 2                                                         ______________________________________                                        1996 AGRONOMIC DATA                                                                        BU/A    MAT     HGT   LDG   GR                                   ______________________________________                                        Overall Mean 63.20   31.90   38.40 2.20  2.20                                   Number of Locations 11 9 9 9 10                                               93800394612 67.20 31.10 33.60 1.70 2.00                                       Asgrow AG4501 65.80 31.50 39.00 2.40 2.40                                     Asgrow A4715 64.20 32.40 39.20 2.20 2.00                                      Asgrow AG4701 62.60 33.10 44.40 2.70 2.70                                     Asgrow AG4601 59.70 31.30 38.50 2.30 2.00                                   ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 3                                                         ______________________________________                                        1997 AGRONOMIC DATA                                                                        BU/A    MAT     HGT   LDG   GR                                   ______________________________________                                        Overall Mean 59.36   27.00   34.90 2.70  2.20                                   Number of Locations 16 11 11 11 11                                            93800394612 60.07 28.90 33.20 1.50 2.40                                       Asgrow AG4501 60.53 29.50 36.80 1.80 1.90                                     HiSoy RT4585 59.82 28.20 32.30 1.40 2.10                                      Pioneer P9444 59.69 24.40 33.80 1.40 1.70                                     Asgrow AG4401 57.70 28.30 36.30 1.90 2.30                                   ______________________________________                                    

When the term soybean plant is used in the context of the presentinvention, this also includes any single gene conversions of thatvariety. The term single gene converted plant as used herein refers tothose soybean plants which are developed by a plant breeding techniquecalled backcrossing wherein essentially all of the desired morphologicaland physiological characteristics of a variety are recovered in additionto the single gene transferred into the variety via the backcrossingtechnique. Backcrossing methods can be used with the present inventionto improve or introduce a characteristic into the variety. The termbackcrossing as used herein refers to the repeated crossing of a hybridprogeny back to the recurrent parent. The parental soybean plant whichcontributes the gene for the desired characteristic is termed thenonrecurrent or donor parent. This terminology refers to the fact thatthe nonrecurrent parent is used one time in the backcross protocol andtherefore does not recur. The parental soybean plant to which the geneor genes from the nonrecurrent parent are transferred is known as therecurrent parent as it is used for several rounds in the backcrossingprotocol (Poehiman & Sleper, 1994; Fehr, 1987). In a typical backcrossprotocol, the original variety of interest (recurrent parent) is crossedto a second variety (nonrecurrent parent) that carries the single geneof interest to be transferred. The resulting progeny from this cross arethen crossed again to the recurrent parent and the process is repeateduntil a soybean plant is obtained wherein essentially all of the desiredmorphological and physiological characteristics of the recurrent parentare recovered in the converted plant, in addition to the singletransferred gene from the nonrecurrent parent.

The selection of a suitable recurrent parent is an important step for asuccessful backcrossing procedure. The goal of a backcross protocol isto alter or substitute a single trait or characteristic in the originalvariety. To accomplish this, a single gene of the recurrent variety ismodified or substituted with the desired gene from the nonrecurrentparent, while retaining essentially all of the rest of the desiredgenetic, and therefore the desired physiological and morphological,constitution of the original variety. The choice of the particularnonrecurrent parent will depend on the purpose of the backcross, one ofthe major purposes is to add some commercially desirable, agronomicallyimportant trait to the plant. The exact backcrossing protocol willdepend on the characteristic or trait being altered to determine anappropriate testing protocol. Although backcrossing methods aresimplified when the characteristic being transferred is a dominantallele, a recessive allele may also be transferred. In this instance itmay be necessary to introduce a test of the progeny to determine if thedesired characteristic has been successfully transferred.

Many single gene traits have been identified that are not regularlyselected for in the development of a new variety but that can beimproved by backcrossing techniques. Single gene traits may or may notbe transgenic, examples of these traits include but are not limited to,male sterility, waxy starch, herbicide resistance, resistance forbacterial, fungal, or viral disease, insect resistance, male fertility,enhanced nutritional quality, industrial usage, yield stability andyield enhancement. These genes are generally inherited through thenucleus.

DEPOSIT INFORMATION

A deposit of the Asgrow Seed Company soybean cultivar 93800394612disclosed above and recited in the appended claims has been made withthe American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), 10801 University Boulevard,Manassas, Virginia 20110. The date of deposit was Jul. 11, 2000. Thedeposit of 2,500 seeds were taken from the same deposit maintained byAsgrow Seed Company since prior to the filing date of this application.All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit isintended to meet all of the requirements of 37 C.F.R. §1.801-1.809. TheATCC accession number is PTA-2210. The deposit will be maintained in thedepository for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the last request,or for the effective life of the patent, whichever is longer, and willbe replaced as neccessary during that period.

Although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail byway of illustration and example for purposes of clarity andunderstanding, it will be obvious that certain changes and modificationsmay be practiced within the scope of the invention, as limited only bythe scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A soybean seed designated 93800394612, wherein asample of said seed has been deposited under ATCC Accession No.PTA-2210.
 2. A plant, or its parts, produced by growing the seed ofclaim
 1. 3. Pollen of the plant of claim
 2. 4. An ovule of the plant ofclaim
 2. 5. A soybean plant having all the physiological andmorphological characteristics of the soybean plant of claim 2, or itsparts.
 6. Tissue culture of the plant of claim
 2. 7. A soybean plantregenerated from the tissue culture of claim 6, wherein said plant hasall of the physiological and morphological characteristics of a plantproduced by growing seed designated 93800394612 and having ATCCAccession No. PTA-221O.
 8. Tissue culture of regenerable cells of theplant of claim
 2. 9. The tissue culture of claim 8 selected from thegroup consisting of protoplasts and calli wherein the regenerable cellsare derived from embryos; meristematic cells, pollen, leaves, anthers,roots, root tips, flowers, seeds, stems, or pods.
 10. A soybean plantregenerated from the tissue culture of claim 9, wherein said plant hasall of the physiological and morphological characteristics of a plantproduced by growing seed designated 93800394612 and having ATCCAccession No. PTA-2210.
 11. A method for producing a soybean seedcomprising crossing a first parent soybean plant with a second parentsoybean plant and harvesting the resultant hybrid soybean seed, whereinsaid first or second parent soybean plant is the soybean plant of claim2.
 12. A hybrid seed produced by the method of claim
 11. 13. A hybridplant, or its parts, produced by growing said hybrid soybean seed ofclaim
 12. 14. Seed produced from said hybrid soybean plant of claim 13.15. The soybean plant of claim 5, further comprising a single geneconversion.
 16. The single gene conversion soybean plant of claim 15,wherein the gene is introduced by transgenic means.
 17. The single geneconversion soybean plant of claim 15, wherein the gene is a dominantallele.
 18. The single gene conversion soybean plant of claim 15,wherein the gene is a recessive allele.
 19. The single gene conversionsoybean plant of claim 15, wherein the gene confers herbicideresistance.
 20. The single gene conversion soybean plant of claim 15,wherein the gene confers insect resistance.
 21. The single geneconversion soybean plant of claim 15, wherein the gene confersresistance to bacterial, fungal or viral disease.
 22. The single geneconversion soybean plant of claim 15, wherein the gene confers malesterility.
 23. The single gene conversion soybean plant of claim 15,wherein the gene confers waxy starch.
 24. The single gene conversionsoybean plant of claim 15, wherein the gene confers improved nutritionalquality.